Depending on the results of the medical history and physical examination, a doctor may recommend a variety of tests help rule out structural or organic causes. Tests might include:
- Blood tests to identify anemia, a high white cell count, or a metabolic disorder (e.g., hypothyroidism, if indicated).
- Referral to a specialist for barium enema studies (radiologist) or endoscopy – sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy – (physician).